Science

**Science Fair Marking Term 2 2011** ☒ Not achieved ☑ Achieved ☑☑ Advanced

**Scientific Process and Background:** ☑☑ Clear aim/hypothesis carried through ☑☑ Method, accurate experimentation ☑ Accurate experimentation, controls, variables, repetitions ☑☑ Results clear, accurate, include appropriate data ☑☑ Conclusions are in line with aim/hypothesis ☑☑ Results are interpreted and discussed (conclusion) ☒☑☑ Design of the experiment ☒☑☑ Use of apparatus and materials
 * Technical Skill:**

**Originality:** ☒ Imaginative/creative ideas ☒ New/Unusual application in science

**Presentation of Display:** ☑ Colour/form/clarity/graphics ☑ Innovative appeal

**Log Book:** ☑ Authentic ongoing record with raw data included ☒ Has supporting documentation, bibliography, acknowledgements **Teacher comment: You presented this very well Emily. You speak confidently in front of the class and explained your science fair really well. You hypothesis, method and conclusion are great and I am pleased to see that you have explained how and why music effects your heart rate. This gives you a better understanding of your results and helps you appreciate the science behind our fantastic world. Well done.** **Student comment:** __**Introduction:**__ The reason I decided to do this science experiment was because I was very intrigued when I came across the idea on the internet one day.Seeing as I love music I decided It would be a great idea for when I had to do a science fair project, I thought that it would be a great idea because it was a fun and easy thing to do and it included my favourite thing, music I am glad I have chose to do this experiment.

__**Aim**:__ I want to find out if music does affect your heartbeat because many people I know don’t think that it does but I think that it’s true. I also want to know what is the difference between different people,and wether it affects it greatly or only slightly.

__**Hypothesis:**__ My opinion is that music will effect the beat of your heart because you can get excited when a song comes on the radio that you like,and you can feel a bit crazy or jumpy I am really sure that it will affect your heart beat even though many people think that it doesn’t because they can’t feel it when they play their musical instruments such as the piano and guitar, but I believe that it does and will !

__**Materials:**__ *10-20 people

*A stereo or a music player

*A set of stairs or some flat ground

*Something to measure your heartbeat or a (stethoscope)

*Some up tempo music

*Some classical music

__**Method:**__ First test the person’s heartbeat with a stethoscope or heart rate monitor. Send your person up the stairs with **no** music. Repeat this with some classical music. Check the heart rate at the top of the stairs. Retest with some up tempo music. Test the rate of their heart. Repeat this again and then on the other people. Compare your results to see if music can effect your heartbeat.

__**Testing:**__

**Test Subject 1 :**
 * Starting Heart Rate between 84-and 90 BPM.
 * No music up stairs between 100-112 BPM
 * Up stairs with classical music between 105-119 BPM
 * Up the stairs up tempo music between 111-129 BPM

**Test subject 2:**
 * Starting Heart Rate between 83-97 BPM
 * No music up stairs between 91-112 BPM
 * Up stairs with classical music between 97-121 BPM
 * Up the stairs up tempo music between 84-124 BPM

**Test subject 3 :**
 * Starting Heart Rate between 89-97 BPM
 * No music up stairs between 98-117 BPM
 * Up stairs with classical music between 109-132 BPM
 * Up the stairs up tempo music between 95-127 BPM

**Test subject 4:**
 * Starting heart rate 89-99 BPM
 * No music up stairs between 89-115 BPm
 * Up stairs with classical music between 108-132 BPM
 * Up the stairs up tempo music between 92-128 BPM

**Test subject 5:**
 * Starting heart rate 102-115 BPM
 * No music up the stairs 115-120 BPM
 * Up stairs with classical music between 105-126 BPM
 * Up stairs with up tempo music between 112-130 BPM

**Test subject 6:**
 * Starting heart rate 86-95 BPM
 * No music up stairs between 98-102 BPM
 * Up stairs with classical music between 95-106 BPM
 * Up stairs with up tempo music between 98-108 BPM

**Test subject 7:**
 * Starting heart rate 94-89 BPM
 * No music up stairs between 96-106 BPM
 * Up stairs with classical music between 94-114 BPM
 * Up stairs with up tempo music between 92-108 BPM

**Test subject 8:**
 * Starting heart rate 84-92 BPM
 * No music up stairs between 90-112 BPM
 * Up stairs with classical music between 96-124 BPM
 * Up stairs with up tempo music between 95-125 BPM

**Test subject 9:**
 * Starting heart rate 80-96 BPM
 * No music up stairs between 96-104 BPM
 * Up stairs with classical music between 72-135 BPM
 * Up stairs with up tempo music between 86-141 BPM

__**Conclusion**__

In my testing you can see that many test subject’s heart rates moved miraculously when the music played and only one or two hardly moved when the music played.

Overall I think that the music does affect your heart rate know and my hypothesis was correct because I thought that music does affect your heart beat and I was right.

On average the heart rates where between 80-125 BPM but some where crazy like 141 and 69 BPM for a couple of people.

I learnt lots while doing this experiment how to use a heart rate monitor and how does it work,why does music affect your heart beat and loads of other things like that.

Music isn’t used in out lives that much but it can be used for promoting ad’s, expressing your feeling’s and when you are singing to use as a backing track.

I think I could of done better by maybe getting more people to test and have tried to use a stethoscope instead of a heart rate monitor.But apart from that I thought that my science project went well.

Results: The researchers of the world found that faster tempos increased ventilation(how fast you breath),heart rate and blood pressure.When the music had stopped,ventilation,heart rate and blood pressure decreased sometimes below the beginning starting rate, this is the same result as mine but I didn’t test the blood pressure or ventilation. My study suggests that music does affect your heartbeat.The way music affects your heart beat is because you have a tiny sensor in your heart that receives pulses that dictate how fast your heart is beating.Music with a strong beat like heavy rock music that is loud can interfere with the sensor causing your heart beat that will cause it to beat in time to the music.But there are two different reasons that people say are true the other is that music affects the heart by a way of the brain.When we listen to music the rhythm and the tempo first create a neurological pulse in side our brains.Our heart and the pattern of our brain as its called “tune in” to the brain waves and recreate the tempo.It can also depend on the type of music you are playing if it is slow or fast, classic or heavy rock it’s all different.

**Log Book**

__Sunday 22rd May 2011__ Today I tested test subject 1 and 2 and had great results with both and I am glad that my project is coming on nicely.

__Monday 23rd May 2011__ Tested 3 more test subjects today and there was some big differences with them all one jumped from very low to very high and one just stayed round about the same!

__Wednesday 25th May 2011__ Tested another person whose heart rate was very jumpy especially when the music started to play.It was normal at the start but then went quite high.

__Thursday 26th May 2011__ Tested 3 more people today and all went well some results where very high some very low. Surprisingly one person’s heart rate was very high when the classical music was playing and not so high when the up tempo music was playing.

__Saturday 28th May 2011__ Today I tested another person whose heart rate went very high up to 41 and 36 the highest I have had. Strangely she had no heart problem but It still went very high !

__Chromatography.__

__L.I__: I am learning the process of the chromatography and use this to assist with solving the crime.

__Aim__: To user chromatography to distinguish which pen was used in the ransom note.

__Equipment__: Beaker, Felt pens, ransom note, filter paper, water, hand lens, masking tape and straws. __Method__ 1. Gather samples of pens. 2. Draw a line across a strip of filter paper, 1-4cm from the bottom. 3. Attach to straw with masking tape. 4. Put filter paper in beaker, making sure the ink is at least 1-2cm above the water. 5. Observe. 6. Remove filter when water has travelled about 3/4 of the way up the strip.
 * 1) Compare results with the ransom note results.

__Results:__ My results where that A-sharpie did nothing,B-felt pen ran from black to blue C-the pen that just faded slightly D-bic felt went from dark green to Indigo to a light blue. Science Fair Due Friday 3 June Week 5 = = = =

Useful Science sites for ideas: @http://www.sciencebuddies.org/ @http://www.all-science-fair-projects.com/

<span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 18px;">Cool Science Sites <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 18px; padding-right: 10px;">@http://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/

====<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 1.066em; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 1.066em; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #ffffff; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #ff0000; font-size: 18px; padding-right: 10px;">Please Note:  ==== ====<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 1.066em; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 1.066em; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; font-size: 18px; padding-right: 10px;">This table is different from the one outlined in the above Science Fair booklet. There will be__**no extensions**__ given, Class time will be given for writing up aim, hypothesis, instructions, explanations, diagrams, tables etc and putting displays together. Parents please support your child with carrying out their experiments as this will be the main element of their homework during Science Fair. ====


 * ||  || <span style="color: #0000ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: center;">**Order of Events** ||   || <span style="color: #0000ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: center;">**Timeline** ||


 * <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">1 ||  || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Choose a topic including is it a //Science or Technology// display ||   || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 1 ||


 * <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">2 ||  || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Completed Aim and Hypothesis (science) or Question (technology) ||   || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 2 ||

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"><span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Webdings; letter-spacing: 0px;"> //What do you need?// <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"> <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Webdings; letter-spacing: 0px;"> //Who do you use?How many?// <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"> <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Webdings; letter-spacing: 0px;"> //What help do you require?// <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"> <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Webdings; letter-spacing: 0px;"> //How will you measure and collect data?// <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"> <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Webdings; letter-spacing: 0px;"> //How many trials/experiments/prototypes will// //you complete?// <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"> <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Webdings; letter-spacing: 0px;"> //How will you present data? Numbers are good!// <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"> <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Webdings; letter-spacing: 0px;"> //Do you need to complete a Animal Ethics form?// ||   || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 2 ||
 * <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">3 ||  || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Planned how you are going to complete experiments (science) or investigation of needs assessment and prototype design (technology)


 * <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">4 ||  || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Start experiments (science) or needs assessment (technology) ||   || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 3 ||


 * <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">5 ||  || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Needs assessment (technology) completed ||   || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 3/4 ||


 * <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">6 ||  || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Experiments (science) and prototype testing (technology) completed ||   || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 3/4 ||


 * <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">7 ||  || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">First draft completed ||   || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 4/5 ||


 * <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">8 ||  || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">All written work, diagrams, tables, graphs, photos, and other graphics completed and checked by the class teacher**BEFORE** it is attached to the display ||   || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 5 ||


 * <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">9 ||  || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**Completed display ready to be marked by teacher** ||   || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Monday Week 6 ||

__Monday 2nd May__

= __Experience gravity free water__ =

When I experimented with the water,glass and cardboard I was amazed when it actually worked but only stayed together for 10 second,I think this was because we used the wrong type of card board because we watched another group who's stayed on for 1 minute and 13 seconds!It was still a fun and great learning experiment for me to experience!

__<span style="border-collapse: collapse; color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal;">** Instructions ** __

<span style="border-collapse: collapse; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; text-align: left;"> # <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"> Put the cardboard over the mouth of the glass, making sure that no air bubbles enter the glass as you hold onto the cardboard.


 * 1) <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Turn the glass upside down (over a sink or outside until you get good).


 * 1) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Take away your hand holding the cardboard.

<span style="border-collapse: collapse; color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">__**<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;">What's happening? **__ <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: left;">If all goes to plan then the cardboard and water should stay put. Even though the cup of water is upside down the water stays in place, defying gravity! So why is this happening? With no air inside the glass, the air pressure from outside the glass is greater than the pressure of the water inside the glass. The extra air pressure manages to hold the cardboard in place, keeping you dry and your water where it should be, inside the glass. __Reflection__ Today I learnt that you can make cardboard and water stay together by making sure you cardboard isn't flimsy and unable to hold.

I found today's activity fun but challenging at first because we couldn't find the right type of card board to fit the glass

and that would stay on
> > > > > >  __ Thursday 5th MayWatch as primary colours mix __ <span style="background-position: 0% 0%; color: #0000ff; display: block; font-family: Georgia,'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: left;">1. Stand the glass on a piece of white card and draw around the base of the glass to create your circle. At the same time draw another circle on the piece of cardboard. >

2. Carefully cut the circles out and divide the white card circle into three equal sized pie sections using a ruler.
>

3. Color one pie section with blue, one with red and one with green.
>

4. Glue the colored card disc on to the cardboard disc making sure that the colors are facing up.
>

5. Make a hole in the centre of the disc (using a compass), so that you can fit a pencil through it.
> ==== 6. Make sure that you position the pencil so that the pencil tip is facing down and the color wheel is facing up with the pencil eraser end at the top. Slid/position the wheel around 1/3 of the way up the pencil. ====

>

7. Spin the card on the pencil tip by positioning the pencil (top end/eraser end) between the middle of your palms with your hands flat together.
>

8. Slowly roll the pencil between your palms allowing it to stop just at the end of one palm then quickly rub your palms together and release the spinning disc.
>

<span style="background-position: 0% 0%; color: #0000ff; font-family: Georgia,'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 18px;">Step 7 Step 8
<span style="background-position: 0% 0%; color: #0000ff; display: block; font-family: Georgia,'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: left;">What color do you see when the disc is spinning and the colors are being mixed together? Our eyes cannot focus fast enough to see the different colors separately so they mix together and appear to be white. The colors red, blue and green are called primary colors and they cannot be made by mixing other colors together. The other colors of the rainbow can be made by mixing a combination of the three primary colors together (red, blue and green). Make lots of spinning tops using different combinations of colors. What colors do you see when you spin them? When the spinner moves fast you see light reflected from all its colors, but your brain cannot separate them so you see a mixture of all the colors; which is white. Your spinner may look grey to you because your colors are not pure. <span style="background-position: 0% 0%; color: #0000ff; display: block; font-family: Georgia,'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; text-align: left;"> __Reflection__ __Thursday 5th May__

Today I enjoyed making the spinning tops with the pencils. Today I found slightly hard because my spinning top didn't work properly